A shadow map is a shading technique used to highlight the topography of a specific area. This method simulates the position and intensity of sunlight on the terrain, producing an image that differentiates between illuminated and shaded regions. The result enhances the visualization of topographic features within a raster image.
This technique is particularly useful for identifying details such as ridges, valleys, and slopes. It also helps in understanding the overall shape of the terrain, which is especially valuable for urban planning, environmental management, and geological analysis.
The Hillshade tool in ArcGIS Pro enables the straightforward creation of a shadow map from a Digital Elevation Model (DEM). The process involves only the DEM as input and results in an image with a three-dimensional effect that greatly aids terrain interpretation.
In this example, the file DEM.tif from the 11_0_spatial_analysis folder was used to produce a hillshade map. The resulting output provides a clear visualization of terrain morphology, which can be critical for decision-making in fields such as land management and environmental conservation.
Accessing the Hillshade Tool
The Hillshade tool is located in the following path within ArcGIS Pro:
Geoprocessing > Toolboxes > Spatial Analyst Tools > Surface > Hillshade
Once opened, the tool requires minimal configuration. The input raster should be a DEM, and additional parameters such as azimuth and altitude can be adjusted to simulate different lighting conditions. The output will be a grayscale raster representing the shadowed relief of the terrain.
Shadow map generated with the “Hillshade” tool.
This visual layer is highly useful when combined with other thematic maps, as it provides context and enhances interpretation through realistic shading effects.